Surfer's ear (exostosis)

Although no definitive cause of exostosis has been found, repeated exposure to cold water and chilly winds are believed to encourage the development of the bony growths. The condition is more commonly experienced by surfers, sailors and swimmers.

The most common symptoms of exostosis include hearing loss and repeated ear infections. As exostoses develop, they can narrow the ear canal, leading to conductive hearing loss. In some cases, the growth of exostoses can be severe, with complete blockages forming within the affected ear. 

Exostoses may also make water and other debris more likely to become trapped within the ear, leading to a greater risk of ear infections. The severity of the symptoms experienced does vary from person to person.

Exostosis is generally diagnosed by a doctor or audiologist with a visual inspection known as an otoscopy. In some cases, an x-ray or scan may be needed to confirm the diagnosis. Additional testing may also be undertaken to determine if the condition has resulted in any permanent hearing loss.

Once exostosis has been formally diagnosed, the bony growth may be surgically removed from within the ear. This type of surgery, known as a canalplasty, is generally quite successful, helping to relieve the symptoms of the condition. If you aren’t experiencing any uncomfortable symptoms, your exostoses may simply need to be monitored and treated as needed.

Surfer's ear can result in risks of hearing loss, recurrent infections, otorrhea, a sensation of aural fullness, tinnitus, and cerumen impaction.

Probable consequences of exostosis include pain, discomfort, and blockages of air, mucus, or ear wax. Those with surfer’s ear may also develop similar complications.